A Life in Peace and War
The life of a United Nations civil servant would not appear to be a tempting dish, but Urquhart's offers real sustenance, served in light and lively style. Placed near the top-as adviser and action officer to all five secretaries-general and working closely for many years with Ralph Bunche-he was involved in all the major crises and decisions in which the U.N. had a role, and made signal contributions of his own to its peacemaking and peacekeeping endeavors. His account of the Congo affair, a mixture of high policy and harrowing personal adventure on the scene, is especially good. Having been present from the beginnings in 1945 until his retirement in 1986, he is able to convey the moods within and toward the world organization that changed with the times: the early enthusiasm, the tensions of the years of high cold war, the new vistas of hope opened up by Hammarskjöld's brilliant accomplishments, the disillusion and sense of irrelevance brought on by the big powers' neglect and the shrill rhetoric of the Third World. He writes with candor and an occasional humorous twist about events and personalities, including the secretaries-general whom he served.
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When the founders forged the United Nations 50 years ago, they envisioned nothing less than a messianic transformation of politics and diplomacy. But they neglected to take human nature and history into account. The concept of collective security that they bet on to keep order was dead a few years later--though it has taken the humiliations of Bosnia to demonstrate this definitively. What's a world organization to do in the confused twilight of the nation-state? Traditional diplomats have proved they are better at settling conflicts, but the dream of global community is still alive in the human imagination.
The UN's top job is one of the hardest, and least defined, in the world. Canny officeholders have managed to turn it into an open-ended diplomatic and humanitarian post, but much depends on personality. So when the UN picks a new chief this year, it should focus on character; that, not experience, is the key to success.
For the United Nations to manage the post_Cold War world effectively, its members must improve the selection process for the crucial job of secretary-general.
