India Briefing, 1987
The Asia Society is helping to fill a gap in publications on contemporary India with a new series of annual briefings. The first contains seven chapters of uniformly high quality by thoughtful specialists. The opening chapter, Myron Weiner's midterm assessment of Rajiv Gandhi, is a somber appraisal. Weiner says that Gandhi assumed office at a time when the capacity of the Indian state to maintain law and order, facilitate economic growth and cope with an uncertain security environment had all seriously eroded. He concludes that halfway through his five-year term as prime minister, Gandhi has faltered in each of his major initiatives designed to deal with these problems.
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After being shackled by the government for decades, India's economy has become one of the world's strongest. The country's unique development model -- relying on domestic consumption and high-tech services -- has brought a quarter century of record growth despite an incompetent and heavy-handed state. But for that growth to continue, the state must start modernizing along with Indian society.
India is on the verge of becoming a great power and the swing state in the international system. As a large, multiethnic, economically powerful, non-Western democracy, it will play a key role in the great struggles of the coming years. Washington has recognized the potential of a U.S.-Indian alliance, but translating that potential into reality will require engaging India on its own terms.
India's growing economic and diplomatic prominence is unlikely to be derailed by its territorial dispute with Pakistan over Kashmir. But given the risk that the Kashmir issue could spark a nuclear war, it is in India's best interest that it be resolved. Washington should use its influence with Islamabad to broker an agreement and thereby cement its growing strategic partnership with New Delhi.
