Surveys Gorbachev's problems in his attempt to reform the Soviet economy. The Stalinist system has produced a demoralized people, incapable of individualism or initiative. While the failure of the Soviet system is recognized by all, efforts to change the attitude of the populace seem, so far, to have been largely unsuccessful. Assistant managing editor, The Washington Post, formerly the paper's Moscow correspondent, 1971-74.
Robert G. Kaiser, assistant managing editor of The Washington Post, was his newspapers Moscow correspondent from 1971 to 1974. He is the author of Russia: The People and the Power. Copyright © 1988 by Robert G. Kaiser.
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Russia's popular new president is better positioned than his predecessor was to enact needed reforms. But all of Vladimir Putin's efforts will come to nought unless he can do what Boris Yeltsin never did: rein in Russia's plutocrats. These ruthless oligarchs have fleeced Russia of staggering sums, seizing control of its oil industry -- one of the world's largest -- in the process. Through payoffs and intimidation, they have insinuated themselves into electoral politics and virtually immunized themselves from prosecution. None of Russia's problems -- neither its crippled economy, nor its emaciated infrastructure, nor its wheezing democracy -- will be solved while the robber barons retain their power. America cannot afford to sit on the sidelines any longer.
US policy to isolate the USSR from the world economy (such as the 1974 Jackson-Vanik amendment, the grain embargo, and the attempt to impede the Soviet-European gas pipeline) ought now to be discontinued, so that (1) Western businesses can discover the new Soviet market (2) an economic wedge can be inserted to prevent backsliding in Soviet political and economic reform.
Soviet options in East Asia are limited by the USSR's lack of economic influence, but Gorbachev's new flexible diplomacy has led to limited advances. Discusses current relations with China, Japan, and the two Koreas, noting that influence in the Pacific region's economy is likely to be marginal for the next few decades. Concludes that prospects are good for a reduction in tension in the region.
