Heritage Of Fear: Illusion And Reality In The Cold War
Here we have revisionist cold-war history with a vengeance, covering the entire period since 1917. The general theme: we do not have, and never have had, anything to fear from the Soviet Union or world communism; what we see there is but a mirror reflecting our own anxieties. The villain of the piece is Harry Truman, and the cold war the result of his poor decisions and misguided policies, unfortunately carried on by his benighted successors. There is, undoubtedly, some substance to the charge that American policy has at times been warped by the inordinate fear of communism, and parts of Miller's narrative hit a number of nails on the head. But the presentation here of Soviet and Western policies, especially in regard to Eastern Europe and the Third World, is so full of exaggeration, distortion and simplification as to deflate the argument and defeat the author's own purposes.
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American presidents have usually inherited poor relations with the Soviet Union. President Eisenhower, of course, was confronted by the tensions of Korea and President Kennedy by the Berlin crisis. Lyndon Johnson was a temporary exception, but Richard Nixon inherited Vietnam and the Czech crisis. Gerald Ford had to deal with a faltering détente, and Jimmy Carter was embroiled in early disputes. In January 1981, Ronald Reagan found himself in much the same position as his predecessors, except that relations were worse than usual. Indeed, relations were frozen. Even the outgoing Administration was pessimistic. The departing American Ambassador to the U.S.S.R., Thomas J. Watson, Jr., summed up the prevailing gloom: "I don't think the West has any conception of how dismal the future looks for East-West relations."
The Chinese-Russian relationship is more opportunistic than strategic, Bobo Lo argues. The United States is stuck watching from the sidelines and may be pushing Moscow further into Beijing's pocket.
The next president will have to reassess the U.S.-Russian relationship and find the right balance between pushing back and cooperating.

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