The Soviet Union And Northeast Asia; Asian Policy: The New Soviet Challenge In The Pacific
These two monographs provide a good account of recent Soviet initiatives in East Asia. Ellison concludes that Gorbachev has demonstrated a clear understanding of past Soviet failings in the region and a good sense of the improvement that can be made. The Sino-Soviet summit is impressive evidence of the effectiveness of recent Soviet policies. Manning concludes that Moscow's newly asserted status as a Pacific power is not necessarily a loss for the United States, and that Washington should help define the terms of Soviet participation in the Pacific. Thus far, he contends, Washington has been too reactive and defensive in the Pacific, failing to offer its own agenda.
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Since the end of World War II, there have been three watersheds in Sino-Soviet relations. In February 1950, the Soviet Union and the People's Republic of China formed an alliance against the West. In the late 1950s, there was the beginning of the historic split between them that transformed international politics. Then, in the early 1970s, there began the Sino-American rapprochement that, by the end of the decade, completely altered the strategic landscape and led to an incipient Chinese-American alliance against the Soviet Union.
Soviet options in East Asia are limited by the USSR's lack of economic influence, but Gorbachev's new flexible diplomacy has led to limited advances. Discusses current relations with China, Japan, and the two Koreas, noting that influence in the Pacific region's economy is likely to be marginal for the next few decades. Concludes that prospects are good for a reduction in tension in the region.
Eurasia is the axial supercontinent. It is home to most of the world's politically assertive states and all the historical pretenders to global power. Accounting for 75 percent of the world's population, 60 percent of its output, and 75 percent of its energy resources, Eurasia's potential power overshadows even America's. For these reasons, the United States should begin paving the way to a transcontinental security system that will ensure Eurasia's future is more peaceful than its past.
