Chinese Politics And Foreign Policy Reform
This is an uneven collection of essays by a group of European China specialists on the linkages between domestic and foreign policy in China. One of the more interesting essays, by Peter Ferdinand, explores the phenomenon of regionalism. Ferdinand shows how many provincial leaders have exploited the opportunity for greater autonomy on the domestic level while also becoming more sophisticated operators in the world economy. The most dramatic example is Guangdong, which has become China's most successful export province. The central government in Beijing has found itself unable to monitor adequately the local government, and by 1988 the province had managed to continue to finance its own further development in defiance of a centrally ordered credit squeeze.
Related
Soviet options in East Asia are limited by the USSR's lack of economic influence, but Gorbachev's new flexible diplomacy has led to limited advances. Discusses current relations with China, Japan, and the two Koreas, noting that influence in the Pacific region's economy is likely to be marginal for the next few decades. Concludes that prospects are good for a reduction in tension in the region.
Since the end of World War II, there have been three watersheds in Sino-Soviet relations. In February 1950, the Soviet Union and the People's Republic of China formed an alliance against the West. In the late 1950s, there was the beginning of the historic split between them that transformed international politics. Then, in the early 1970s, there began the Sino-American rapprochement that, by the end of the decade, completely altered the strategic landscape and led to an incipient Chinese-American alliance against the Soviet Union.
Since Mao Zedong's death in 1976, and particularly since the rise of Deng Xiaoping in 1978, the post-Mao leaders of China have sought to develop a new strategy and new institutions for modernizing China. In the economy, they have sought a more decentralized, quasi-market socialist system better suited to Chinese conditions than the highly centralized, Soviet-type system they adopted in 1949. Perhaps the most significant step has been a de facto decollectivization of agriculture.
