Restructuring Economies In Distress: Policy Reform And The World Bank; Best Practices In Trade Policy Reform
Relying heavily on analysis by its own staff, with some outside commentary, these World Bank reviews contain a great deal of interesting material. There is more satisfaction with the changes that have come about in trade policy than in the handling of the broader range of problems connected with adjustment lending, a term that does not always mean the same thing to everyone. Ernest Stern, who has been involved in the process since it started under Robert McNamara, draws up an interesting list of lessons and makes the rather surprising confession that the people at the bank "underestimated the political difficulty of protracted adjustment."
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Since the return of convertibility among the currencies of most major industrial countries at the beginning of 1959, a crisis affecting at least one major currency has threatened each year; the U.S. balance of payments has been in continuous large deficit; and the stability of the convertible gold-dollar and sterling system has been increasingly questioned. With the transition to convertibility proving to be so turbulent, doubts have arisen over the adequacy of liquidity arrangements for the future and calls for a great reform of the international monetary system have quite understandably been intensified.
As the race to replace Dominique Strauss-Kahn at the IMF heats up, emerging markets finally have a shot at the head table. Here's why they might fail to seize it -- and what it will mean.
The World Bank Group was a child of World War II, conceived to help developing countries build infrastructure, establish the foundations of economic self- sufficiency, and indirectly nurture political stability. But it should not retire at the age of 50. The bank's mission should be revised to benefit from the colossal growth of private sector financial resources and to help coordinate the work of nongovernmental organizations. A good first step would be more openness about its work.

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