Open for Business: Russia's Return to the Global Economy
Ed Hewett, recently deceased, had a remarkable command of facts about the Soviet economy and a penetrating understanding of how it worked. These qualities, and his ability to explain complex matters briefly and clearly, are beautifully demonstrated in this excellent book examining the Gorbachev reforms and their breakdown. The book, which gives special attention to the external economic relations of the U.S.S.R. (and later, Russia), was revised and updated by Gaddy, of the Brookings Institution, after Hewett joined the staff of the National Security Council.
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The Caspian basin holds enormous oil and gas deposits that could play a critical role in the world's economic future. But getting them out of the ground and onto the market requires overcoming formidable political and geographic problems. For its own sake as well as the region's, Washington should do whatever is necessary to ensure the emergence of secure and independent routes for Caspian energy to reach the outside world.
US policy to isolate the USSR from the world economy (such as the 1974 Jackson-Vanik amendment, the grain embargo, and the attempt to impede the Soviet-European gas pipeline) ought now to be discontinued, so that (1) Western businesses can discover the new Soviet market (2) an economic wedge can be inserted to prevent backsliding in Soviet political and economic reform.
Ukraine has yet to solve the challenge of life after communism. Hyperinflation is just a memory and democracy is well entrenched, but production is declining, state industries remain unsold, and investors have largely stayed away. With nationalists ascendant in Russia, Ukraine needs Western money and diplomatic backing to preserve its independence and keep reform on track. A free, democratic Ukraine can serve as a model for Russia, prevent a new Soviet Union, and promote stability among its neighbors. A civil war between its Russified east and its more Ukrainian west, or its absorption into a new Russian empire, would reverberate throughout Europe.

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