China's Air Force Enters the 21st Century
One in a series of Rand monographs on air power around the world, this dense but informative volume sheds light not only on the People's Liberation Army Air Force, but also on the Chinese military more broadly. The authors describe an air force that is, despite recent acquisitions of advanced technology, woefully obsolete, deficient in fundamental maintenance and logistical infrastructure, and either extremely secretive about, or simply lacking in, air power doctrine. They point to changes as well, including selective acquisition of high-end Western and Russian technology, the incorporation of advanced designs (including, reportedly, some from the abortive Israeli Lavi project) in the forthcoming F-10 fighter, and Chinese awareness of the gap between themselves and their neighbors, let alone the United States. If this sober account is to be believed, the Chinese are a long way from acquiring air power commensurate with their great power aspirations and self-image. On the other hand, the critical question is the speed with which China is moving in this area of its development, as in others. The answers there are of necessity murkier.
Related
A Great deal of information has been published about the military strategy and forces of the People's Republic of China, some through official Chinese publications, much more through the writings of Western analysts. Most of this information concerns China's massive ground forces, with a respectable amount of coverage given to her air arm and even to her nascent nuclear missile forces. What about China's navy? "Didn't know they had one," is the derisive response one is most likely to receive.
In a bid to end its dependence on foreign intellectual property and become a global power in science and technology, China is attempting to foster indigenous innovation. Are the U.S. government and business community right to be worried about threats to free trade and intellectual property rights?
There is no "China threat," not because China is a benign giant but because it is too weak to challenge the balance of power. China can damage U.S. interests, but it does not require containment. The most striking aspect of Chinese foreign policy is its effort to promote stability. Indeed, China is easier to deal with today than ever before. The United States needs a policy to contend with China's ability to destabilize Asia, not a policy to deal with a future hegemon. China is a revisionist power, but for the foreseeable future it will seek to maintain the status quo-and so should the United States.

Sign-up for free weekly updates from ForeignAffairs.com.