Japan: Who Governs? The Rise of the Developmental State
This collection of essays by Chalmers Johnson, a well-known American Japanologist, covers a wide variety of subjects, from the role of the state in Japan's economic life to the nature of Japanese politics and bureaucracies to Japan's international relations. Johnson has attracted a good deal of attention--not all favorable--as a result of his leadership of the so-called revisionist school of scholarship on Japan. But the fact remains, as he demonstrates in these essays, that he is one of the most insightful and provocative political scientists currently writing on Japan. Johnson has an unusual capacity to consider Japan in the context of broad theoretical concepts. And many of his essays have very useful summaries of Japanese writing and thinking. In sum, this volume is a stimulating discussion of postwar Japan and U.S.-Japan relations in the post--Cold War era.
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THE defeat of Japan in 1945 brought with it a wave of decolonization throughout East Asia. To an extent few in the West had realized, the Japanese humiliation of the white man in 1941 and 1942-together with worldwide currents at work in India and elsewhere-had prepared the way for the rapid end of colonial rule. In this process, the Philippines had only to grasp the independence already promised before the war by the United States; the same promise had been made to India under the pressure of the war, and its early realization under Lord Mountbatten and a Labour government contributed to the rapid grant of independence to Burma and the extension of believed assurances for the ultimate independence of Malaya and Singapore. Only the Netherlands East Indies-already styled by its nationalists the Republic of Indonesia-and French Indochina stood out from the first as deeply contested cases, where the colonial power was not ready to yield and where powerful nationalist movements were at work.
A major new work on post-World War II Japan shows how the victorious Allies changed a conservative society unused to defeat and social transformation.
The role of the Soviet Union in the struggle against Japan has received considerable attention from politicians and publicists as well as scholars, and the subject continues to hold great interest for a wider audience than is ordinarily available to the academician. The reasons for this interest are not hard to find. They stern, in part, from the controversies aroused by the Yalta Agreement and the decision to use the atomic bomb in 1945. But more fundamentally they reflect a concern over the mounting tensions of the cold war and an effort to find in our wartime relations with the Soviet Union some explanation for the failure to achieve a just settlement and a lasting peace after the greatest war in history.

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