Negotiating Cooperation: The United States and China, 1969-1989
A careful and rigorous examination of the factors that led the United States and China to ‘negotiate cooperation’ from 1969 to 1989. Ross, a political scientist at Boston College, skillfully disentangles the web of considerations -- above all, the common threat from the Soviet Union -- that enabled negotiators to diffuse their hostility. The analysis is particularly useful for its sustained treatment of the delicate negotiations over Taiwan. It is striking how little remains today of the elements promoting concord. The collapse of the common enemy, the reemergence after the repression at Tiananmen Square of ideological hostility, the explosive growth of China’s trade surplus, and the persistence of profound disagreements over Taiwan all suggest that ‘Mismanaging Hostility’ will prove a suitable title for the analyst chronicling the deterioration of relations in the two decades after 1989. Though Ross argues that U.S.-China cooperation remains an important and attainable objective, he provides little guidance on how it might be achieved.
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The debate over Laos, almost as intense if not as bitter as the Vietnam debate, has done more than clarify the nature of the American involvement in that patchwork kingdom which has played a secondary but significant role in the Vietnam war while also engaging in its own struggle to survive as a unitary nation. The Senate's dual actions in prohibiting the use of ground combat troops in both Laos and Thailand, and in curbing the right of the President to make a "national commitment" to any country without prior Congressional approval, have temporarily satisfied the common determination to avoid "another Vietnam." But the fundamental problem of how American policy should be made and conducted in Southeast Asia has only begun to be reëxamined.
The United States has done much to enable China's recent growth, but it has also sent mixed signals that have unnerved Beijing. More consistent engagement is in order, because the course of the twenty-first century will be determined by the relationship between the world's greatest power and the world's greatest emerging power.
No country can affect China's fortunes more directly than the United States. Many potential flashpoints -- such as Taiwan, Japan, and North Korea -- remain, and true friendship between Washington and Beijing is unlikely. But their interests have grown so intertwined that cooperation is the best way to serve both countries.

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