The Collapse of the Soviet Military
The ranks of soldier-scholar-spies are limited, and in the United States one of the foremost is Odom, a retired lieutenant general and chief of the National Security Agency who holds a Ph.D. in political science from Columbia University and directs national security programs at the Hudson Institute. He has written a superb account of how one of the most powerful militaries in the world collapsed within a decade, like a dinosaur struck by a strange and mortal disease.
In a remarkable synthesis of history and political science, Odom argues that observers of the Soviet Union have underestimated the importance of foolhardy decisions by Mikhail Gorbachev, which together with the system's well-known long-term afflictions killed the U.S.S.R. Odom also explores the impact of the Afghanistan war, technological competition with the West, and the collapse of domestic morale at the end of the 1980s, describing how the Russian military's "brain" -- its general staff and intellectual organs -- remained intact even as its limbs succumbed to palsy. In a decade or two, access to more records may make a revision of this work necessary, but until then it will hold the field.
Related
The tools and techniques for waging war never stand still, but these are the early days of a revolution in military affairs as momentous as those wrought by the railroad and the airplane. This newest transformation is a consequence of developments in civilian society including the information revolution and postindustrial capitalism. Its satellite imagery and smart bombs will change the forms of combat and armies. Personnel and politics, as always, will be as crucial as technology.
The United States may be an uncontested military superpower, but it remains defenseless against a new mode of attack: information warfare. As the military, the private sector, and Washington grow increasingly dependent on computers and information networks, they also grow more vulnerable to cyber-attack. Cyberspace is becoming the new front line of warfare, and private citizens are the new prime target. U.S. policymakers and technology entrepreneurs must wake up to this threat and build a wall of defense -- now.
The Cold War induced caution in nations that feared uncontrollable escalation. Now that confrontations are less likely to careen out of control, a new season of bellicosity is here. The U.S. military, trapped in a Cold War mindset, has failed to realize this. It is spending far too much on casualty-prone units in all the services, in an age when political opposition to casualties effectively makes these units unavailable for combat. The military should recalibrate its priorities and shift funds to weapons such as high-tech lasers, stealth aircraft, and cruise missiles that can make warfare less lethal for Americans.

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