Comparative Political Economy: A Retrospective
This collection of previously published essays, spanning six productive decades, is vintage Kindleberger. It is erudite, informative, sometimes provocative, often charming -- and handles serious issues of economic and financial management, past and present, with a light but discerning touch. The book takes up issues with contemporary relevance, ranging from financial instability through foreign trade and economic growth to provision of international public goods. Richly laced with historical anecdotes and analogies, the essays also draw judiciously on economic theory. A continuing thread throughout is the ability, or lack thereof, of economies to adapt to new technologies, foreign trade, or other changes in circumstance.
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U.S. and international development agencies, believing that poor countries should develop economically before they become democratic, have not taken politics into account when disbursing aid. This is a mistake: poor democracies are almost always stronger, calmer, and more caring than poor autocracies, because they allow power to be shared and encourage openness and accountability. They deserve all the help they can get.
Professor Kennedy, a British scholar translated to New Haven, has written a massive book around a grand theme: the relation between the rise and fall of major powers over the past five centuries and the shifts in their relative economic strength and technological virtuosity. It is both a work of historical analysis, in which the author seeks to discern recurrent patterns upon which to base defensible generalizations, and a policy prescription, notably for the United States. Understandably, it is the latter strand that is receiving current attention; but before examining Kennedy's advice it is worth surveying briefly the other dimensions of his work.
Of all the pressing questions facing Iraq today, perhaps the most important in the long run is what to do with the country's oil. Vast wealth from natural resources can often be a curse, not a blessing, corrupting a nation's political and economic institutions and impeding the growth of democracy. There is only one way for Iraq to resist the oil curse: by handing over the proceeds directly to the Iraqi people.
