Wilson's Ghost: Reducing the Risk of Conflict, Killing, and Catastrophe in the 21st Century
In this passionate call for a new world order, McNamara and Blight write that the twentieth century ended without a solution to the wars and communal violence that made it the bloodiest century in history. Inspired by Woodrow Wilson's idealism and vision of collective security -- but also sensitive to his missteps -- the authors propose a controversial agenda of nuclear disarmament, multilateral security cooperation, and integration of non-Western great powers into a stable and morally legitimate order. In their view, the return to realpolitik diplomacy is dangerous and incompatible with a tightly wired global economy. China and Russia must be integrated with the Western powers as fully as Germany and France were reconciled and bound together after 1945. In confronting ethnic violence and failed states, the United States should demonstrate "realistic empathy," foreswear unilateral intervention, rely on collective leadership of alliance partners, and support a United Nations capable of deploying its own volunteer police force. Rather than build a missile defense, Washington should gradually phase out nuclear weapons. It is surprising that the authors do not explore how the global democratic revolution has altered geopolitics and the opportunities for new security thinking. But their book is sure to provoke debate.
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As Cold War threats have diminished, so-called weapons of mass destruction -- nuclear, chemical, and biological weapons and ballistic missiles -- have become the new international bugbears. The irony is that the harm caused by these weapons pales in comparison to the havoc wreaked by a much more popular tool: economic sanctions. Tally up the casualties caused by rogue states, terrorists, and unconventional weapons, and the number is surprisingly small. The same cannot be said for deaths inflicted by international sanctions. The math is sobering and should lead the United States to reconsider its current policy of strangling Iraq.
A raft of new books confronts a very real threat--the terrorist use of weapons of mass destruction--and propose vital, though moderate, responses.
India's and Pakistan's nuclear tests last May were a double setback: for security on the subcontinent and worldwide nonproliferation efforts. U.S. attempts to forge warmer relations with both countries were also casualties of the blasts. The tests could spark a chain of withdrawals from the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty, undermining the international consensus against the spread of nuclear arms. Cold War brinkmanship is no model for diplomacy. For their sake as well as the world's, India and Pakistan need to stabilize their nuclear rivalry at the lowest possible level, ban further tests, and embrace frequent, high-level bilateral talks to ease tensions.

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