"Posing Problems Without Catching Up: China's Rise and Challenges for U.S. Security Policy."; The United States and Asia: Toward a New U.S. Strategy and Force Posture
Christensen offers perhaps the most balanced and sophisticated appraisal currently available -- at least in open sources -- of the real security challenge that China poses to U.S. interests in East Asia. Well informed by Chinese sources, he argues that China does not need to catch up to America's military power to have some formidable military options for achieving limited political objectives. Misreading the lessons of Somalia and Kosovo, Chinese analysts have become scornful of America's seeming unwillingness to accept casualties in a real fight. Christensen suggests that the United States clearly state the circumstances under which it will defend Taiwan and do more to make good on those commitments. That advice is echoed in the rand volume, which focuses more on Asia as a whole. It calls on the United States to strengthen its alliances with Japan, South Korea, and Australia and create a strong framework for multilateral cooperation. The rand work was done for the U.S. Air Force, and the analysts convincingly explain that the United States does not have the bases it needs in the right places to be able to defend the Taiwan Strait. Put the Christensen and rand works together, and the message for U.S. policy is very disturbing.
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There is no "China threat," not because China is a benign giant but because it is too weak to challenge the balance of power. China can damage U.S. interests, but it does not require containment. The most striking aspect of Chinese foreign policy is its effort to promote stability. Indeed, China is easier to deal with today than ever before. The United States needs a policy to contend with China's ability to destabilize Asia, not a policy to deal with a future hegemon. China is a revisionist power, but for the foreseeable future it will seek to maintain the status quo-and so should the United States.
Pacific powers would like Korea to reunify slowly, but the North is soon likely to implode, its economy deteriorating as its weapons of mass destruction accumulate. Rapid reunification would spur economic growth, as in Germany, and reduce regional tensions. South Korea's liberalization of its own economy and strengthening of its civic institutions will prepare it to assist the North. China and Russia may not go along, but Western governments should stop coddling Pyongyang. America should underwrite a united Korea's security, and Japan its finances.
No, it is not a silly question -- merely one that is not asked often enough. Odd as it may seem, the country that is home to a fifth of humankind is consistently overrated as an economy, a world power, and a source of ideas. Economically, China is a relatively unimportant small market; militarily, it is less a global rival like the Soviet Union than a regional menace like Iraq; and politically, its influence is puny. The Middle Kingdom is a middle power. China matters far less than it and most of the West think, and it is high time the West began treating it as such.
