France-Germany in the 21st Century
The authors here all agree that the Franco-German couple after German reunification is at best a marriage of convenience, marked by disagreement and misunderstanding. The volume offers a fine historical overview by McCarthy and is further enhanced by David Calleo's equally good analysis of the present and Roger Morgan's scrupulously fair study of the euro's birth. Nevertheless, the book throws little new light on the Franco-German story or its effects on the European Union; it suffers from too much recent past and too little future. A petulant piece by Michael Sturmer demonizes former French President Francois Mitterrand and expresses sharp skepticism about the two "unlikely" partners. On European security, most of what is written has been overtaken by events since mid-1998, when France and the United Kingdom (not Germany) took the initiative to create a European rapid reaction force. The contributors say little about the prospects of enlargement -- which will raise formidable issues of economic, diplomatic, and institutional coherence for the EU -- or the relationships among France, Germany, and the United States.
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Franco-GERMAN relations are at once much better and much worse than is generally imagined in the United States. Better, because the frigid atmosphere and tensions of 1964-1965 obscure the solidity of the links forged between France and the Federal Republic. Worse, because these tensions are not solely attributable to General de Gaulle but are the expression of a profound divergence in perspective.
FOR five years between 1925 and 1929, a certain portion of mankind, like those parched travelers in the desert who think they have glimpsed the oasis which will save them, believed the gate to lasting peace was at hand. This, as we now know, was only a mirage. But such a mirage had never before existed. People had never believed so fervently in the blessings of peace, or hoped so passionately that peace would be perpetual. Optimism rose to new heights. "Away with cannon and machineguns: instead, conciliation, arbitration, and peace!" At the meeting of the League of Nations on September 10, 1926, when Germany, recently defeated, was received as a member, the French Foreign Minister Aristide Briand touched a new intensity of emotion with these celebrated words.
The two world wars are the mountain ranges that dominate the historical landscape of the twentieth century. We still live in their shadows, in America as well as in Europe. Only with these wars did European and American history begin to coincide. The revolutions of 1820, 1830, 1848 and the wars leading to the unification of Italy and Germany marked the nineteenth century in European history, while the major events in American history were the westward movement, the Civil War and mass immigration. These events had certain transatlantic connections, yet not decisive ones. But in the twentieth century the two world wars have been the main events in the history of Europe and America as well.

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