The Making of Chinese Foreign and Security Policy in the Era of Reform
Lampton has brought together an impressive group of scholars and journalists to examine just about every dimension of China's foreign relations. In the introduction, Lampton stresses the rapid advances that Beijing has made in professionalizing its foreign-policy establishment as well as the effects of globalization on reinforcing this learning process. Separate chapters then look at the institutions involved in making China's foreign policy, including provincial institutions; elite views and public opinion; the outside world's influence; and the resulting pressures to adhere to international standards. The final part consists of case studies: Bates Gill on arms control, Michael Swaine on Beijing's Taiwan policy, and Margaret Pearson on accession to the World Trade Organization. Throughout the volume, highly knowledgeable specialists pack in a great deal of information. The result is solid coverage -- but also dense prose that puts a heavy demand on the reader.
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Last year's nuclear tests by both India and Pakistan brought world attention to the decades-old Kashmir conflict. Claimed by both countries, the former princely state has been ravaged by a war that shows no sign of ending. Both rivals have invested heavily in blood and treasure to make Kashmir their own. Now Afghan-trained mujahideen are leading the fight, bringing their own foreign brand of radical Islam. Neither New Delhi nor Islamabad has ever asked what Kashmiris want. They would not like the answer: more than anything else, Kashmiris hope to be left alone.
Australia, an island continent of about three million square miles, inhabited by eleven million people of predominantly West European descent, lies on the southern perimeter of Southeast Asia, which is heavily populated by peoples of diverse racial origins with traditions, cultures and political and economic outlooks differing radically both among themselves and from Australia's.
In one sense Russia and China pose the same problems. An international order of trade and cooperation has been established, and the two countries are in the process of joining. But their central governments are weak -- Russia's military is quasi-independent of Moscow, China's factories do not heed Beijing. Humiliation over national decline prompts symbolic defiance of the United States. Ukraine and Taiwan remain dangerous flash points that call for tacit deterrence. Like adolescents, Russia and China are in a transitional stage requiring patience and guidance rather than confrontation.
