Korean Endgame: A Strategy for Reunification and U.S. Disengagement
At a time when North Korean nuclear developments have created a crisis in world affairs, we are fortunate to have this thoughtful and provocative book. Based on meetings with both Kim Il Sung and his son, Kim Jong Il, Harrison presents explanations of Pyongyang's actions that are more sympathetic and intelligent than the official pronouncements of the North Korean government. He sees reunification as a realistic goal through a confederation of North and South, with all surrounding powers pledging the neutralization and denuclearization of the peninsula. He argues that the United States should withdraw its forces from South Korea over a ten-year period and seek to be an honest broker between North and South. With the end of the Cold War, North Korea lost the security backing of both Russia and China, and thus, in Harrison's view, it feels vulnerable to American attack, justifying the restart of its uranium-enrichment program. Although Harrison does not prepare us for the severity of the tensions caused by North Korean actions, he does cover a wide range of issues and much inside history, making this read still valuable.
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Eighteen months after its enunciation at Guam the Nixon Doctrine remains obscure and contradictory in its intent and application. It is not simply that the wider pattern of war in Indochina challenges the Doctrine's promise of a lower posture in Asia. More than that, close analysis and the unfolding of events expose some basic flaws in the logic of the Administration's evolving security policy for the new decade. The Nixon Doctrine properly includes more than the declaratory policy orientation. It comprises also the revised worldwide security strategy of "1½ wars" and the new defense decision-making processes such as "fiscal guidance budgeting." These elements have received little comment, especially in their integral relation to our commitments in Asia. But the effects of this Administration's moves in these areas will shape and constrain the choices of the United States for a long time to come.
Bruce Cumings' maverick thinking on Korea is now practically mainstream. This administration, which seems to have absorbed it, just might achieve what none of its predecessors could: the reunification of Korea.
After the historic summit between Pyongyang and Seoul last June, the Koreas could be on their way to eventual reunification. To ensure such progress, Washington should consider making military and economic concessions -- including the possible withdrawal of U.S. forces -- to formally end the Korean War.

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