Korean Endgame: A Strategy for Reunification and U.S. Disengagement
At a time when North Korean nuclear developments have created a crisis in world affairs, we are fortunate to have this thoughtful and provocative book. Based on meetings with both Kim Il Sung and his son, Kim Jong Il, Harrison presents explanations of Pyongyang's actions that are more sympathetic and intelligent than the official pronouncements of the North Korean government. He sees reunification as a realistic goal through a confederation of North and South, with all surrounding powers pledging the neutralization and denuclearization of the peninsula. He argues that the United States should withdraw its forces from South Korea over a ten-year period and seek to be an honest broker between North and South. With the end of the Cold War, North Korea lost the security backing of both Russia and China, and thus, in Harrison's view, it feels vulnerable to American attack, justifying the restart of its uranium-enrichment program. Although Harrison does not prepare us for the severity of the tensions caused by North Korean actions, he does cover a wide range of issues and much inside history, making this read still valuable.
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After more than 50 years of dominating Northeast Asian diplomacy, Washington must now accommodate the fallout from the historic rapprochement between North and South Korea. As regional leaders take the reins of diplomacy, they face an uncertain future and lack the institutions that could guide the transition. The next U.S. administration can help, but not until it rethinks its own regional policies.
After the historic summit between Pyongyang and Seoul last June, the Koreas could be on their way to eventual reunification. To ensure such progress, Washington should consider making military and economic concessions -- including the possible withdrawal of U.S. forces -- to formally end the Korean War.
Pacific powers would like Korea to reunify slowly, but the North is soon likely to implode, its economy deteriorating as its weapons of mass destruction accumulate. Rapid reunification would spur economic growth, as in Germany, and reduce regional tensions. South Korea's liberalization of its own economy and strengthening of its civic institutions will prepare it to assist the North. China and Russia may not go along, but Western governments should stop coddling Pyongyang. America should underwrite a united Korea's security, and Japan its finances.
