Inevitable Surprises: Thinking Ahead in a Time of Turbulence
This engaging romp through the future of the world (or at least the next several decades) takes on the big picture, from science and technology to economic and political developments. There is some good news: we can look forward to a long economic boom, the development of noncarbon energy sources, and a cleaner environment. There is also some bad news: terrorism will continue and "disorderly" countries ruled by criminals will proliferate. Other developments are more ambiguous, such as increased longevity -- raising the prospect of working centenarians -- and massive migration within and between countries. Schwartz's premise is that we can learn a lot about the future from a close and thoughtful examination of current trends and recent developments, even though details will ultimately depend on proximate events. Some of the predictions run against current conventional wisdom -- for example, that Russia will likely join the EU. And there are inevitable glitches, such as identifying Iran as the most promising country in the Arab world -- unless Schwartz knows something about the future he has not revealed.
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A key reason national economies rise and fall these days is their ability to nurture "disruptive technologies" -- innovations that lead to new classes of products that are cheaper, better, and more convenient than their predecessors. America's ability to exploit disruption has led to its recent boom, while Japan's failure to do so has led to stagnation. Other countries should heed the lesson.
The information revolution has created unexpected wealth around the globe, and technology and policy can work together to help all countries reap the benefits. From microloans to village mobile phones to innovative partnerships among governments, corporations, and citizens' groups, the answers are already out there. Now it is time to act on them.
Amid all the fuss over genetically modified food, environmentalists and consumer activists have overlooked a vital challenge for the developing world: food security. As the South's population grows, it will need more food, a more varied and nutritious diet, and better access to the North's markets. Rich countries must do their part by slashing trade barriers to developing countries' goods -- especially in agriculture -- and spreading the biotechnology revolution to the poorest farmers who need it most. But the debacle in Seattle showed how difficult this quest will be.
