"Aza Beast": Attacking the Roots of War
As a UN official in Bosnia, Murphy carried out his mission with distinction, but his analysis of, and intense feelings about, the Bosnian war put him at odds with the UN, with its strict impartiality between the Serbs and their victims from 1991 to 1995. This memoir is valuable both as a portrait of a deeply moral man in an awful situation and as an account of the sufferings of the Bosnians, the skillful maneuvers of Slobodan Milosevic, and the machinations of UN officials sympathetic to the Serbs. He concludes that "it is hard not to be hard on the performance of the international community in Bosnia." Humanitarianism without a political design is insufficient, and "the political leadership of the international community ... was deeply flawed"-doing nothing to prevent the slaughter at Srebrenica, which Murphy describes with eloquent indignation. Murphy's sense of right and wrong, his distaste for "realist" justifications of inaction, and his concern for the victims of the beast of war give this volume its glow and its emotional power.
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The crisis over Cuba and the Chinese invasion of India have had their salutary lessons for many nations and many political leaders-for none perhaps more than the neutralists. They have spoken up positively, as before, for peace and negotiation, against blocs and power politics. But what they have seen has attested to their relative inability to influence the course of events, or even to maintain solidarity in their own ranks, when the big powers are taking crucial decisions and the global strategic balance is at stake. A more pertinent question is whether, and how, the neutrals can safeguard their own vital interests.
On June 29, after almost five months of discussion and preparation, the East German Communist régime denounced an agreement for public debates to be held in both German states between its spokesmen and the leaders of West Germany's opposition Social Democratic Party. The plan for a high-level confrontation, the first of its kind since Germany was partitioned at the end of the Second World War, was the result of an East German initiative. It had aroused intense interest and some exaggerated hopes among Germans on both sides of the Iron Curtain.
Charles Kupchan ("Independence for Kosovo," November/December 2005) is correct when he asserts that countries such as Russia have no real interest in Kosovo as a territory; Kosovo as a precedent, however, is another matter. Governments from Baku to Beijing and separatist regimes from Trans-Dniestria to the Turkish Republic of North Cyprus are taking a keen interest in how questions of sovereignty and territorial integrity are handled in the determination of Kosovo's final status.

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