HONOR ROLL
Kurtzer on heroic diplomats of the Holocaust; Spinetta on defense spending and Feldstein's response; and Larkin on the globalization of universities
Visiting Professor of Middle East Policy Studies, Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs, Princeton University, and former U.S. Ambassador to Egypt and Israel
Little-known heroes of the Holocaust were the rare diplomats who defied their superiors' orders and issued visas to save lives. With Iraqis now scrambling to leave their own country, those examples are as relevant today as ever.
To the Editor:
Richard Holbrooke's excellent reflection on the heroic acts of some diplomats during the Holocaust ("Defying Orders, Saving Lives," May/June 2007) omitted the extraordinary accomplishments of James McDonald, who served as the League of Nations' high commissioner for refugees and then as the United States' first ambassador to Israel. McDonald's diaries, the first volume of which has just been published by Indiana University Press (Advocate for the Doomed: The Diaries and Papers of James G. McDonald, 1932-1935, edited by Richard Breitman, Barbara McDonald Stewart, and Severin Hochberg), chronicle the efforts of this principled and persistent man to save Jews and others from the horrors of Nazism. As Yad Vashem considers extending "Righteous Among the Nations" status to diplomats who risked their careers and lives to do the right thing, McDonald should be among those honored.
Daniel Kurtzer
Related
In Germany as in France, 1969 will be remembered as the year of the break in continuity. The principal break is in each case obvious: the departure of General de Gaulle after eleven years in power and the relegation of the Christian Democrats to the opposition after twenty years in power. But the nature and import of these breaks call for interpretation.
Offers a revisionist account of Munich, noting that Hitler regarded it as 'the greatest setback to his career'. Concludes that "those commitments, policies and alliances that can reasonably be expected to involve a country in a great war must be clearly articulated, understood at least in general by the public and perceived as truly essential to the nation's security".
Germans always knew that their foreign minister, Joschka Fischer, had been a leftist activist in the 1960s and 1970s. More controversial were recent disclosures that he had once assaulted a police officer and may have had links to terrorists. Fischer's evolution is the tale of a generation that changed Germany -- and then itself.
