Linda S. Robinson

Describes how Gen Noriega, a former chief of intelligence, has subverted Panamanian democracy, and continues to cling to power despite strenuous US efforts to dislodge him. US options are now reduced to two -- drastic military action, or acquiescence.

Gives details of both US and regional (Arias) initiatives for peace in Nicaragua, with a pessimistic view of the contras' ability to win either the war or an election. Considers US material support for contras to be 'virtually finished', and thus advocates a 'second-best solution' of containment of Sandinistas, by providing a non-intervention guarantee, and seeking democratization of Nicaragua. A slightly misleading title, since almost all the article is taken up with the war in Nicaragua and US involvement, with only a brief reference to El Salvador.