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Nicolás Maduro, Hugo Chávez’s anointed heir, is expected to cruise to victory in Venezuela’s upcoming presidential elections. But the easy part ends there. Once in office, Maduro will face a dysfunctional economy, high crime, and the broken political system Chávez left behind.
Venezuela's United Socialist Party is already facing a succession battle between two prospective successors to Hugo Chávez: Nicolás Maduro, an avowed communist and close friend of Cuba, and Diosdado Cabello, a former military official with ties to the country's business community. Whichever man wins, he will have to remember that Chávez has skillfully relied on a mix of both strategies to win the love of his people -- strident anti-americanism and largess for the poor on the one hand, and kickbacks to big business and billions of dollars in oil sales to the United States on the other.
For more than a decade, Chávez’s popularity has remained high because of his strong support from the country’s poor. But his strategies to entice the neediest have reached their limit. Now the socialist president's future depends on his counterproductive and schizophrenic relationship Venezuela's private sector.
This year, there will finally be a real contest for power in Caracas. With opposition leader Leopoldo Lopez having just announced that he is ending his presidential campaign and throwing his support to Henrique Capriles Radonski -- the charismatic governor whom many expect to be Chávez's main competition -- the opposition is gradually consolidating power and becoming a more serious challenge to the regime.
An annotated Foreign Affairs syllabus on Venezuela.
Some observers believed that opposition gains in last September's elections would weaken the Venezuelan president. Instead, he has consolidated control.
The debate over Hugo Chávez has been dominated by opposing caricatures -- a polarization that has thwarted a sound policy response. The Venezuelan president has an autocratic streak, no viable development model, and unsettling oil-funded aspirations to hemispheric leadership. But Washington and its allies should "confront" him indirectly: by proving they have better ideas.
Last year's crisis in Caracas caught Washington by surprise, causing oil prices to skyrocket and exposing flaws in the U.S. ability to forecast and cope with threats to its oil supply. Both government and industry must do better next time.
Hugo Chavez has led a political revolution in Venezuela, purging the state of its entrenched, corrupt political class, but he has done nothing to solve the old regime's problems: crime, unemployment, and economic stagnation. Chavez's social policies have been ineffective, and his economic rhetoric has scared away investors. Venezuelans' patience may not last much longer; Chavez's political clock is ticking.
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