This Year in History
Our Selections From February
All year, we've been highlighting historical news events—and Foreign Affairs articles about those events—as part of our "This Day in History" series. Here are our collected selections for February.
1951: UN Condemns China for Aggression
The United Nations General Assembly passes a resolution condemning the People’s Republic of China for sending hundreds of thousands of troops into North Korea to fight U.S. forces during the Korean War. Read more about it in the Foreign Affairs archive.
1943: Nazis Surrender at Stalingrad
Facing dwindling supplies, a cruel Russian winter, and an unbreakable Soviet defense, German soldiers raise the white flag. Read more about it in the Foreign Affairs archive.
1978: Sadat Visits Washington
Egyptian President Anwar al-Sadat arrives in Washington, D.C. for talks on the Middle East peace process with U.S. President Jimmy Carter. Read more about it in the Foreign Affairs archive.
1980: Syria Withdraws From Beirut
During the Lebanese Civil War, Syria announces that it will pull its peacekeeping force out of the capital. Read more about it in the Foreign Affairs archive.
1994: Sarajevo massacre
A mortor shell lands in Sarajevo's Markale market, killing 68 people and wounding over 100. The attack was initially blamed on the Bosnian government, but was later traced to the Bosnian Serb Army. Read more about it in the Foreign Affairs archive.
1922: Washington Naval Treaty Signed
The agreement sought to prevent an arms race by limiting naval construction among the major countries that won World War I. Read more about it in the Foreign Affairs archive.
1978: Ethiopia Launches Counterattack Against Somalia
During the Ogaden War, Ethiopia assaults the Somalis from two sides and recaptures Jijiga after two days of fighting. Read more about it in the Foreign Affairs archive.
1942: Battle of Singapore Begins
During World War II, the Japanese land on Singapore, a British stronghold at the time, and capture it after a week of fighting. Read more about it in the Foreign Affairs archive.
1922: Creation of the World War Foreign Debt Commission
U.S. Congress authorizes the establishment of a commission to deal with the $11 billion in war debts owed by the United Kingdom and France. Read more about it in the Foreign Affairs archive.
1962: U.S.-Soviet Spy Exchange
The Soviet Union hands over Francis Gary Powers, an American U-2 pilot who was captured 21 months earlier during a reconnaissance mission, in return for Soviet spy Rudolph Ivanovich Abel. Read more about it in the Foreign Affairs archive.
1945: Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin Sign the Yalta Agreement
The big three agree that they will demand an unconditional surrender from Germany. They also begin post-war planning. Read more about it in the Foreign Affairs archive.
2002: Yucca Mountain Chosen as the U.S. Nuclear Waste Repository
The U.S. Congress approves the site as a storage facility for spent nuclear fuel and other high level radioactive waste. Read more about it in the Foreign Affairs archive.
2008: Australia Issues an Apology to Its Indigenous Peoples
Australian Prime Minister Kevin Rudd apologizes to indigenous Australians for past mistreatment. Read more about it in the Foreign Affairs archive.
1919: Polish-Soviet War Begins
Soviet Russia and Soviet Ukraine battle the Second Polish Republic and the Ukrainian People's Republic for an area that today, makes up Ukraine and parts of Belarus. Read more about it in the Foreign Affairs archive.
2011: Protests Erupt in Libya
The Libyan people call for the resignation of leader Muammar al-Qaddafi. Read more about it in the Foreign Affairs archive.
1989: Arab Cooperation Council Established
After being left out of the Gulf Cooperation Council, North Yemen, Iraq, Jordan, and Egypt form the ACC, a four-country economic trading bloc. Read more about it in the Foreign Affairs archive.
1972: Nixon Departs for Historic Trip to China
U.S. President Richard Nixon exclaims before a farewell crowd of roughly 8,000 that the purpose of the trip is to normalize relations with Beijing and bring about "a much safer world." Read more about it in the Foreign Affairs archive.
1943: Members of White Rose Arrested
The Gestapo arrests the members of the Germance resistance movement, White Rose. Read more about it in the Foreign Affairs archive.
1945: U.S. Marines Invade Iwo Jima
The goal is to capture the island and use it to stage attacks again Japan, which is just over 600 miles away. Read more about it in the Foreign Affairs archive.
1944: During WWII, "Big Week" Begins
As part of the European bombing campaign, the U.S. Strategic Air Forces attacks the Third Reich to defeat the Luftwaffe. Read more about it in the Foreign Affairs archive.
1972: Nixon Visits China
It was the first time a U.S. president had visited China. The week-long meeting ended with a pledge to work towards normalization of diplomatic relations between the two countries. Read more about it in the Foreign Affairs archive.
1946: George Kennan Sends "Long Telegram"
His 5,500-word telegram to the U.S. State Department, which he wrote while deputy head of the U.S. mission in Moscow, helped form the foundation of U.S. containment policy. Read more about it in the Foreign Affairs archive.
1944: Stalin deports Chechens
Soviet Leader Joseph Stalin accuses the Chechens of collaborating with the fascists and deports them en masse to Siberia and the northern regions of Kazakhstan. Read more about it in the Foreign Affairs archive.
1917: Zimmerman Telegram Released
The United Kingdom shares with the United States a coded telegram written by German Foreign Secretary Arthur Zimmermann proposing a Mexican-German alliance in case the United States entered War World I. Read more about it in the Foreign Affairs archive.
1948: Communist Party Takes Control of Czechoslovakia
Party leader Klement Gottwald becomes premier. Read more about it in the Foreign Affairs archive.
1993: Attack on the World Trade Center
A truck bomb explodes below the North Tower of New York City's World Trade Center. The attack kills six people and injures thousands. Read more about it in the Foreign Affairs archive.
1900: British Labor Party Is Founded
The center-left political party grew out of the nineteenth-century socialist parties and the trade union movement. Read more about it in the Foreign Affairs archive.
1961: JFK names Henry Kissinger special advisor
Henry Kissinger was a young professor at Harvard at the time and John F. Kennedy brought him to the White House to serve as an advisor on foreign policy. Read more about it in the Foreign Affairs archive.
1956: Pakistan Adopts New Constitution
Pakistan's Constituent Assembly adopts a new constitution, which was nine years in the making. It went into force on March 23, 1956. Read more about it in the Foreign Affairs archive.