Professor Shotwell holds that most of Germany's troubles during the last two decades resulted from the war rather than the Treaty of Versailles. Some readers may feel that the treaty and the attempts to enforce its provisions (e.g., the Ruhr invasion) were not without blame. Nevertheless, Professor Shotwell's thesis is a much-needed and salutary corrective to loose talk and writing now current not only in pro-Nazi quarters but among sentimental liberals and pacifists.