A slim but important addition to the controversy over Hitler's responsibility for the Holocaust. By argument and new evidence Browning emphasizes the role of the very "little men" who rounded up, shot and eventually gassed Jews. Browning does not believe in one ultimate decision but in a process that began early in 1941 and by the end of the war encompassed the destruction of all of Europe's Jews. He describes in detail the execution of male Jews in Serbia in 1941 as Wehrmacht reprisal, not as an SS action.