Since at least the beginning of the Nixon administration some supporters of trade liberalization have advocated an aggressive American trade policy. Others have said the results would be protectionism and bullying. Both views are well represented in this volume focusing on what "is probably the most criticized piece of U.S. foreign trade legislation since the Hawley-Smoot Tariff Act of 1930," as Robert Hudec calls it in one of the most challenging of the several first-rate papers from a 1989 Columbia University conference.