“China in Transformation.” Spring 1993 issue of Dædalus: Journal of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. Vol. 122, No. 2

This is an occasionally provocative, if uneven, collection of essays on a fascinating topic-the likely future ideological direction of China now that communism, the national glue for more than 40 years, is gradually losing its grip. The post-communist ideologies sprouting beneath the surface, as Edward Friedman points out, are not all open or tolerant, let alone liberal and democratic. As in the former Soviet Union, some are proto-fascist and chauvinistic. Friedman, a distinguished American sinologist, also argues that divisive forces are spreading just below the surface and that the longer the old guard delays political reforms, the stronger these divisive forces will grow.